![]() Pathogenesis of SCFE has many theories, however, the exact mechanism is still to be determined. 1,4 Presentation outside of these age ranges should raise clinical concern for potential endocrinopathies or chronic conditions that lead to high bone turnover. SCFE usually occurs during adolescence, typically during the ages of 8 through 15 and is more common in males than females (male to female ratio of 1.6:1) with an average age of 13.5 years in males and 12 years in females. 4 African-Americans, Pacific Islanders and the Hispanic population have greater predisposition for the development of SCFE than Caucasians. Prevalence varies widely among race, seasonal and geographic location with higher presentations in the northern and western United States. SCFE is the most common hip disorder in pre-adolescents, adolescents, and young adults with an overall prevalence of 10.8 cases per 100,000 children. 3 Epidemiology including risk factors and primary prevention 1 Proper development of the physis requires thyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcium. Renal and endocrine abnormalities such as hypothyroidism, panhypopituitarism and renal osteodystrophy are also linked to the development of SCFE. Mechanical risk factors for SCFE include rapid growth spurts, femoral retroversion, and femoral neck shaft angle. Obesity is the most common risk factor with 63% of cases above the 90th weight percentile. 1 EtiologyĮtiology is multifactorial with most cases being idiopathic. It is characterized by insidious onset dull hip or referred knee pain, usually without preceding trauma. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is a hip disorder resulting in posteroinferior displacement of the proximal femoral epiphysis (femoral head) in relation to the metaphysis (femoral neck), through a skeletally immature physeal growth plate. Multiple Sclerosis and Transverse Myelitis in Children.Severe Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.Vascular Malformations of the Brain and Spine in Children.Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiological Abnormality.Mild to Moderate Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.Mitochondrial Disorders Part One: Disease/Disorder, Essentials of Assessment.Mitochondrial Disorders Part Two: Rehabilitation Management, Concepts, and Gaps in Knowledge.
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